Why is New York called the Big Apple?
New York City is one of the most iconic cities in the world, often called “The Big Apple”. But where did this nickname come from, and why has it stuck for decades? The tale of “The Big Apple” draws on history, culture, and a little bit of marketing genius. In the course of this blog we’ll look at the etymology of this famous nickname and what it means to New Yorkers — and visitors.
The Origins of “The Big Apple”
As the nickname “The Big Apple” has a storied past of its own, dating back to the early 1900s. Its rise to become synonymous with New York City has included horse racing, jazz music and a revival campaign in the 1970s.
The Horse Racing Connection
The phrase "Big Apple" originated in horse racing. In the 1920s, the phrase appeared in the columns of John J. Fitz Gerald, a sportswriter for the New York Morning Telegraph. He had heard African American stable hands in New Orleans refer to New York City’s racetracks as “the big apple,” indicating the top prize for horse racers. Fitz Gerald used the term to characterize NYC as the end-all, be-all of success and opportunity in horse racing.
The Jazz Era
As news of it spread through jazz musicians in the 1930s, “The Big Apple” came to be adopted as a nickname for New York City. To them, it symbolized the city’s status as a cultural epicenter where fame and fortune were attainable. The term became even more popularized through Harlem’s vibrant jazz scene, where the name was taken on by clubs and dance styles.
The 1970s Revival
By the mid-20th century, “The Big Apple” was no longer in everyday use. But in 1971 the nickname re-emerged, thanks to Charles Gillett, president of the New York Convention & Visitors Bureau, who used it in a tourism campaign. It was an effort to combat negative images of New York City amid an economic downturn and high crime. It successfully rebranded New York itself as an exciting, glamorous destination, forever cementing “The Big Apple” as its nickname.
Why an Apple?
So why an apple to stand in for New York City? Although there is no conclusive answer, there are some theories:
Symbol of Success: In horse-racing slang, “apple” signified a desirable reward or prize.
Cultural Significance: Apples have long represented abundance and opportunity in American tradition.
Memorable Visual: the phrase “Big Apple” provides a sense of high luxury and appeal, fitting of NYC’s over-the-top character.
Cultural Significance
More than a nickname, “The Big Apple” has come to represent New York City’s identity.
Ambition and Opportunity: The name captures NYC’s identity as a destination for those coming here to chase their dreams.
Diversity: Just how an apple has many seeds, NYC has numerous cultures and communities.
Resilience: The resurgence of the nickname during hard times reflects the city’s capacity to reinvent itself.
Modern-Day Usage
Now, “The Big Apple” is an internationally known nickname for New York City. It pops up on souvenirs, in tourism campaigns and even on street signs, such as “Big Apple Corner,” at West 54th Street and Broadway — where John J. Fitz Gerald once lived.
Interesting Facts About "The Big Apple"
In 1997, the former home of Fitz Gerald was officially dubbed “Big Apple Corner” by then-Mayor Rudy Giuliani.
This term has also found its way into popular culture, referenced in songs, books and films.
Many New Yorkers — despite its fame — simply call their city by its initials, "NYC," or, "The City."
How It Reflects NYC's Spirit
“The Big Apple”: It embodies all that makes New York great:
Its status as a global center of arts, finance and culture.
Its image as a place that rewards drive and effort.
And its capacity to overcome adversity and flourish.
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The Big Apple: New York City’s nickname has a longer vetting process than the Boston Marathon, with roots in horse racing, jazz culture and wily marketing. It represents ambition, diversity, and resilience—traits that embody NYC itself.” Whether you’re visiting Harlem’s jazz clubs or gazing at the blinding lights of Times Square, you’re seeing what makes this city unique.
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